PSG has now secured the prestigious cup on 14 separate occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the match between the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup winners after the French winger opened the net early on.
Yet, the southern French side struck twice late to seize a shock advantage. Initially, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital leveler in the dying seconds to force the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for PSG to complete a convincing shootout win.
The record champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the past 13 seasons.